List of Virginia Indian Tribes Identified During Contact Era (1584-1677)

Algonquian speakers:

*Accomack
*Accohannock
Chesapeake
*Kecoughtan
*Kiskiack
Nansemond
*Warraskoyack
*Quiyoughcohannock
*Weanock
Chickahominy
*Appamattuck
*Arrohateck
*Powhatan
*Paspahegh
*Werowocomoco
*Pamunkey
*Youghtanund
*Mattaponient (Mattaponi)
Cuttatawomen
Opsicopank
Moraughtanund
Rappahannock
Pissaseck
Nandtaughtacund (Nanzatico)
Upper Cuttatawomen
Piankatank
Wighcocomoco
Cekakawwon (Chacoan)
Onawmanient
Cinquaoteck
Oquotaunk
Patawomeke
Tauxenent
Toag (Dogue)
Nacotchtank (Anacostia)
*known to be paying tribute to paramount chief Powhatan

Siouan speakers:

Monacan
    Rassawek   
    Mowhemcho
    Monasukapanough
    Massinacack
    Monahassanugh

Mannahoac
    Mahaskahod
    Tanxsnitania
    Shackaconia
    Stegarake
    Hassinnunga   
Tutelo
Occaneechi
Saponi

Iroquoian speakers:

Meherrin
Nottoway
Cherokee

Other language groups, or language group not known:

Yuchi

Compiled by Deanna Beacham, 2008